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        • Germany >
          • Baden-Württemberg >
            • DE-BW Pre-1900
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          • Berlin >
            • DE-BE Pre-1900
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          • Brandenburg >
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            • DE-HB 2010-2011
          • Hamburg >
            • DE-HH Pre-1900
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            • DE-SL 1907
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          • LU Pre-1900
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          • MD 1910-1914
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        • Northern Ireland >
          • GB-NIR 1906-1897
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          • PL Pre-1900
          • PL 1900-1909 >
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            • PL 1909
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        • Portugal >
          • PT 1906-1909
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          • IE Pre-1900
          • IE 1907-1908
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          • RO Pre-1900
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        • Russia >
          • RU Pre-1900
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            • RU 1909
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            • RU 1910-1912
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        • Scotland >
          • GB-SCT Pre-1900
          • GB-SCT 1903-1909
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        • Serbia >
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          • SL 1904
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        • Ukraine >
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            • CA-NL 1910-1914
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            • CA-NS 1917
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            • CA-ON Pre-1900
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            • CA-PE 1936
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          • Saskatchewan >
            • CA-SK 1909
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          • Alaska >
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          • California >
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              • US-CA 1920-1924
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          • Colorado >
            • US-CO Pre-1900
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          • Florida >
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          • Georgia >
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          • Hawaii >
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              • US-HI 1940
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            • US-HI 1979
          • Idaho >
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          • Illinois >
            • US-IL Pre-1890
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              • US-IL 1900-1904
              • US-IL 1905-1907
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              • US-IL 1910
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          • Indiana >
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          • Iowa >
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            • US-IA 1981
          • Kansas >
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          • Kentucky >
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          • Louisiana >
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            • US-LA 1950-1952
          • Maine >
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          • Maryland >
            • US-MD Pre-1900
            • US-MD 1903-1909
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            • US-MD 1930-1939 >
              • US-MD 1930
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              • US-MD 1933-1939
            • US-MD 1944-1946
            • US-MD 1950-1951
            • US-MD 1962
          • Massachusetts >
            • US-MA Pre-1880
            • US-MA 1880-1889
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            • US-MA 1901-1909
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            • US-MA 1930-1939
            • US-MA 1940-1945
            • US-MA 1975
          • Michigan >
            • US-MI Pre-1890
            • US-MI 1890-1899 >
              • US-MI 1890-1891
              • US-MI 1898
              • US-MI 1899
            • US-MI 1900-1909
            • US-MI 1910-1913
            • US-MI 1929
            • US-MI 1931-1937
            • US-MI 1940
            • US-MI 1950-1959 >
              • US-MI 1954
              • US-MI 1958
          • Minnesota >
            • US-MN 1881-1889
            • US-MN 1890-1899 >
              • US-MN 1890-1894
              • US-MN 1898
            • US-MN 1900-1909 >
              • US-MN 1900-1908
              • US-MN 1909
            • US-MN 1910-1919 >
              • US-MN 1910-1911
              • US-MN 1912
              • US-MN 1913
              • US-MN 1914
              • US-MN 1917
            • US-MN 1921-1928
            • US-MN 1933-1939
            • US-MN 1940-1941
            • US-MN 1979
            • US-MN 1980-1989 >
              • US-MN 1981
              • US-MN 1982
          • Mississippi >
            • US-MS Pre-1900
            • US-MS 1928
          • Missouri >
            • US-MO Pre-1900
            • US-MO 1900-1909
            • US-MO 1910-1919
            • US-MO 1922-1929
            • US-MO 1930-1938
            • US-MO 1940-1947
            • US-MO 1975
          • Montana >
            • US-MT Pre-1900
            • US-MT 1904-1908
            • US-MT 1912-1916
            • US-MT 1920-1928
            • US-MT 1931-1932
            • US-MT 1946
            • US-MT 1954
          • Nebraska >
            • US-NE Pre-1900
            • US-NE 1900-1909
            • US-NE 1910-1919
            • US-NE 1920-1922
            • US-NE 1932-1937
            • US-NE 1954
            • US-NE 1979
            • US-NE 1981
          • Nevada >
            • US-NV 1918
            • US-NV Pre-1900
            • US-NV 1903
            • US-NV 1922-1924
            • US-NV 1931-1936
          • New Hampshire >
            • US-NH 1913-1914
            • US-NH 1930-1933
          • Tennessee >
            • US-TN Pre-1900
            • US-TN 1900-1909
            • US-TN 1910-1919
            • US-TN 1920-1929
            • US-TN 1930-1939 >
              • US-TN 1930
              • US-TN 1931
              • US-TN 1932
              • US-TN 1933
            • US-TN 1970-1979
      • Oceania >
        • Australia >
          • New South Wales >
            • AU-NSW Pre-1900
            • AU-NSW 1920-1929
          • Queensland >
            • AU-QLD 1930-1939
            • AU-QLD 1920-1929
          • South Australia >
            • AU-SA Pre-1900
            • AU-SA 1920-1929
          • Victoria >
            • AU-VIC Pre-1900
            • AU-VIC 1920-1929
          • Western Australia >
            • AU-WA 1900-1909
            • AU-WA 1910-1919
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        • New Zealand >
          • NZ Pre-1900
          • NZ 1920-1929
      • South America >
        • Argentina >
          • AR 1903-1909
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          • AR 1940-1947
        • Brazil >
          • BR Pre-1900
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          • BR 1910-1915
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            • BR 1930-1933
            • BR 1934
            • BR 1935-1938
          • BR 1940-1949
        • Chile >
          • CL Pre-1900
          • CL 1928-1929
        • Uruguay >
          • UY 1924
          • UY 1930
    • By Wrestler >
      • A >
        • Ad Santel
        • Americus
        • Andre Christol
        • Andre the Giant
        • Antonio Pierri
      • B >
        • Bert Rubi
        • Billy Romanoff
        • Bobby Bruns
        • Bronko Nagurski
      • C >
        • Carl Abs
        • Charles Moth
        • Clarence >
          • Bouldin
          • Whistler
        • Col. J.H. McLaughlin
        • Constantine Romanoff
      • D >
        • Dan McLeod
        • Danno O'Mahoney
        • Dave Finley
        • Donald Dinnie
        • Dr. Ben F. Roller
        • Dubois
        • Duncan >
          • A. McMillan
          • C. Ross
      • E >
        • Earl Caddock
        • Ed >
          • Don George
          • Lewis
          • Virag
        • Edwin Bibby
        • Emil Nitschke
        • Ernest Roeber
        • Evan Lewis
      • F >
        • Farmer Burns
        • Francois le Farinier
        • Frank Gotch
        • Fred Beell
      • G >
        • George >
          • Bothner
          • Kotsonaros
          • Steadman
          • William Flagg
        • Georges Hackenschmidt
      • H >
        • Harry Hill
        • Henry M. Dufur
        • Homer Lane
        • Hugh Leonard
      • I >
        • Iwan Chemjakin
      • J >
        • Jack Carkeek
        • Jakob Koch
        • James >
          • Faulkner
          • Owens
        • Jean >
          • Doublier
          • Dupuis
        • Jim >
          • Esson
          • Londos
          • Joe >
            • Acton
            • Stecher
          • McMillen
        • John McMahon
        • Josef Steinbach
  • Articles
    • PWHS Writers >
      • Harry G. >
        • Extinct Wrestling Concepts >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
        • 200 Articles?
        • As We Get Close to the End
        • Carpenters
        • Charles Manson?
        • Fantasy and Reality
        • First Times
        • How on Earth could You Trust Him
        • "I Hate Him!"
        • "If You Break Kayfabe"
        • Jack Brisco, Backlund, Angle...Soucie?
        • Loss of Innocence
        • Missing Things That I Have Never Seen
        • Monsters
        • "Not bad, Kid"
        • "Okay...Okay...Now this HAS to Be Real"
        • Once the Balloon is Popped
        • Suspension of Disbelief Vs. Current Reality
        • The Smarter You Are The Dumber You Are
        • They Aren't REAL Wrestlers!
        • Time to Get My Wrestling Fix
        • Titles of Convenience
        • Turn Off the Lights
        • "Was it really that good?" Yes.
        • Where Are Wrestling's Oddities
        • Who is the Toughest Wrestler
      • Jimmy W. >
        • Fakirs At Work >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
          • Chapter Six
          • Chapter Seven
        • Forgotten Titles >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
          • Chapter Six
          • Chapter Seven
          • Chapter Eight
        • History of Wrestling >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
          • Chapter Six
        • Hooded History >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
        • Let's Go to the Movies >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
        • Not A Wrestler >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
        • A Solid Man
        • Christmas Cards
        • Confidence Vs. Paranoia
        • Feel the Bang
        • For 58 Years They Dreamed
        • From Muldoon to McMahon
        • God Is in the Detail
        • Good Versus Evil
        • Grappling Glitter
        • Hacksaw in the Works
        • Harry Hill and the Champions of Water
        • Nevermind the Piledriver
        • Official WWF Fan Club
        • One and Only WORLD Champion
        • Pioneers Schmioneers
        • Sixty Minutes Is Not Enough
        • Slams and Salaams
        • WWF European Exclusives
        • Whisky, Whips, Loose Women and Lamb
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            • US-CA 1892-1898
            • US-CA 1900-1909
            • US-CA 1911-1919
            • US-CA 1920-1929 >
              • US-CA 1920-1924
              • US-CA 1925-1929
            • US-CA 1930-1938
            • US-CA 1944-1946
            • US-CA 1950-1952
            • US-CA 1963
            • US-CA 1981
          • Colorado >
            • US-CO Pre-1900
            • US-CO 1907-1909
            • US-CO 1910-1911
            • US-CO 1920-1925
            • US-CO 1932
            • US-CO 1940
            • US-CO 1982-1987
          • Connecticut >
            • US-CT Pre-1900
            • US-CT 1900-1908
            • US-CT 1910-1911
            • US-CT 1921
            • US-CT 1931-1938
            • US-CT 1962
          • Delaware >
            • US-DE Pre-1900
            • US-DE 1913
            • US-DE 1931-1939
            • US-DE 1951
          • Florida >
            • US-FL Pre-1900
            • US-FL 1900-1909 >
              • US-FL 1903-1905
              • US-FL 1906
            • US-FL 1911-1916
            • US-FL 1948
            • US-FL 1958
            • US-FL 1969
            • US-FL 1975
          • Georgia >
            • US-GA Pre-1900
            • US-GA 1905-1906
            • US-GA 1926-1927
            • US-GA 1930-1934
            • US-GA 1940
          • Hawaii >
            • US-HI 1907-1909
            • US-HI 1910-1919 >
              • US-HI 1910-1912
              • US-HI 1913-1915
              • US-HI 1916-1917
              • US-HI 1918-1919
            • US-Hi 1920-1929 >
              • US-HI 1920-1921
              • US-HI 1922-1923
              • US-HI 1924-1929
            • US-HI 1930-1939 >
              • US-HI 1930-1932
              • US-HI 1933
              • US-HI 1934
              • US-HI 1935
              • US-HI 1936
              • US-HI 1937
              • US-HI 1938
              • US-HI 1939
            • US-HI 1940-1949 >
              • US-HI 1940
              • US-HI 1941-1942
              • US-HI 1943
              • US-HI 1944
              • US-HI 1945
              • US-HI 1946
              • US-HI 1947
              • US-HI 1948
              • US-HI 1949
            • US-HI 1979
          • Idaho >
            • US-ID Pre-1900
            • US-ID 1905-1906
            • US-ID 1916-1919
            • US-ID 1920
          • Illinois >
            • US-IL Pre-1890
            • US-IL 1893-1899
            • US-IL 1900-1909 >
              • US-IL 1900-1904
              • US-IL 1905-1907
              • US-IL 1908
              • US-IL 1909
            • US-IL 1910-1919 >
              • US-IL 1910
              • US-IL 1911-1919
            • US-IL 1920-1929
            • US-IL 1931-1939
            • US-IL 1940
            • US-IL 1950-1954
            • US-IL 1962
            • US-IL 1979
            • US-IL 1980-1989 >
              • US-IL 1981
              • US-IL 1982
          • Indiana >
            • US-IN Pre-1890
            • US-IN 1890-1899 >
              • US-IN 1897
              • US-IN 1898
            • US-IN 1900-1909
            • US-IN 1910-1919
            • US-IN 1920-1928
            • US-IN 1933-1939
            • US-IN 1940-1949 >
              • US-IN 1940
              • US-IN 1941
              • US-IN 1942
              • US-IN 1948
            • US-IN 1950-1954
            • US-IN 1979
          • Iowa >
            • US-IA Pre-1900
            • US-IA 1900-1909 >
              • US-IA 1900
              • US-IA 1901-1909
            • US-IA 1910-1919
            • US-IA 1920-1929
            • US-IA 1933-1935
            • US-IA 1941-1949
            • US-IA 1954
            • US-IA 1979
            • US-IA 1981
          • Kansas >
            • US-KS Pre-1900
            • US-KS 1909
            • US-KS 1910-1915
            • US-KS 1921-1925
            • US-KS 1931-1933
            • US-KS 1940-1948
            • US-KS 1954
          • Kentucky >
            • US-KY Pre-1900
            • US-KY 1901
            • US-KY 1913
            • US-KY 1931-1932
            • US-KY 1979
          • Louisiana >
            • US-LA Pre-1900
            • US-LA 1901-1909
            • US-LA 1932-1938
            • US-LA 1943-1949
            • US-LA 1950-1952
          • Maine >
            • US-ME 1905
            • US-ME 1911
            • US-ME 1932-1937
            • US-ME 1940-1941
          • Maryland >
            • US-MD Pre-1900
            • US-MD 1903-1909
            • US-MD 1910-1916
            • US-MD 1930-1939 >
              • US-MD 1930
              • US-MD 1931
              • US-MD 1932
              • US-MD 1933-1939
            • US-MD 1944-1946
            • US-MD 1950-1951
            • US-MD 1962
          • Massachusetts >
            • US-MA Pre-1880
            • US-MA 1880-1889
            • US-MA 1896-1899
            • US-MA 1901-1909
            • US-MA 1910-1919
            • US-MA 1920-1929
            • US-MA 1930-1939
            • US-MA 1940-1945
            • US-MA 1975
          • Michigan >
            • US-MI Pre-1890
            • US-MI 1890-1899 >
              • US-MI 1890-1891
              • US-MI 1898
              • US-MI 1899
            • US-MI 1900-1909
            • US-MI 1910-1913
            • US-MI 1929
            • US-MI 1931-1937
            • US-MI 1940
            • US-MI 1950-1959 >
              • US-MI 1954
              • US-MI 1958
          • Minnesota >
            • US-MN 1881-1889
            • US-MN 1890-1899 >
              • US-MN 1890-1894
              • US-MN 1898
            • US-MN 1900-1909 >
              • US-MN 1900-1908
              • US-MN 1909
            • US-MN 1910-1919 >
              • US-MN 1910-1911
              • US-MN 1912
              • US-MN 1913
              • US-MN 1914
              • US-MN 1917
            • US-MN 1921-1928
            • US-MN 1933-1939
            • US-MN 1940-1941
            • US-MN 1979
            • US-MN 1980-1989 >
              • US-MN 1981
              • US-MN 1982
          • Mississippi >
            • US-MS Pre-1900
            • US-MS 1928
          • Missouri >
            • US-MO Pre-1900
            • US-MO 1900-1909
            • US-MO 1910-1919
            • US-MO 1922-1929
            • US-MO 1930-1938
            • US-MO 1940-1947
            • US-MO 1975
          • Montana >
            • US-MT Pre-1900
            • US-MT 1904-1908
            • US-MT 1912-1916
            • US-MT 1920-1928
            • US-MT 1931-1932
            • US-MT 1946
            • US-MT 1954
          • Nebraska >
            • US-NE Pre-1900
            • US-NE 1900-1909
            • US-NE 1910-1919
            • US-NE 1920-1922
            • US-NE 1932-1937
            • US-NE 1954
            • US-NE 1979
            • US-NE 1981
          • Nevada >
            • US-NV 1918
            • US-NV Pre-1900
            • US-NV 1903
            • US-NV 1922-1924
            • US-NV 1931-1936
          • New Hampshire >
            • US-NH 1913-1914
            • US-NH 1930-1933
          • Tennessee >
            • US-TN Pre-1900
            • US-TN 1900-1909
            • US-TN 1910-1919
            • US-TN 1920-1929
            • US-TN 1930-1939 >
              • US-TN 1930
              • US-TN 1931
              • US-TN 1932
              • US-TN 1933
            • US-TN 1970-1979
      • Oceania >
        • Australia >
          • New South Wales >
            • AU-NSW Pre-1900
            • AU-NSW 1920-1929
          • Queensland >
            • AU-QLD 1930-1939
            • AU-QLD 1920-1929
          • South Australia >
            • AU-SA Pre-1900
            • AU-SA 1920-1929
          • Victoria >
            • AU-VIC Pre-1900
            • AU-VIC 1920-1929
          • Western Australia >
            • AU-WA 1900-1909
            • AU-WA 1910-1919
            • AU-WA 1920-1929
        • New Zealand >
          • NZ Pre-1900
          • NZ 1920-1929
      • South America >
        • Argentina >
          • AR 1903-1909
          • AR 1910-1919
          • AR 1920-1929
          • AR 1930-1938
          • AR 1940-1947
        • Brazil >
          • BR Pre-1900
          • BR 1904-1909
          • BR 1910-1915
          • BR 1921-1929
          • BR 1930-1939 >
            • BR 1930-1933
            • BR 1934
            • BR 1935-1938
          • BR 1940-1949
        • Chile >
          • CL Pre-1900
          • CL 1928-1929
        • Uruguay >
          • UY 1924
          • UY 1930
    • By Wrestler >
      • A >
        • Ad Santel
        • Americus
        • Andre Christol
        • Andre the Giant
        • Antonio Pierri
      • B >
        • Bert Rubi
        • Billy Romanoff
        • Bobby Bruns
        • Bronko Nagurski
      • C >
        • Carl Abs
        • Charles Moth
        • Clarence >
          • Bouldin
          • Whistler
        • Col. J.H. McLaughlin
        • Constantine Romanoff
      • D >
        • Dan McLeod
        • Danno O'Mahoney
        • Dave Finley
        • Donald Dinnie
        • Dr. Ben F. Roller
        • Dubois
        • Duncan >
          • A. McMillan
          • C. Ross
      • E >
        • Earl Caddock
        • Ed >
          • Don George
          • Lewis
          • Virag
        • Edwin Bibby
        • Emil Nitschke
        • Ernest Roeber
        • Evan Lewis
      • F >
        • Farmer Burns
        • Francois le Farinier
        • Frank Gotch
        • Fred Beell
      • G >
        • George >
          • Bothner
          • Kotsonaros
          • Steadman
          • William Flagg
        • Georges Hackenschmidt
      • H >
        • Harry Hill
        • Henry M. Dufur
        • Homer Lane
        • Hugh Leonard
      • I >
        • Iwan Chemjakin
      • J >
        • Jack Carkeek
        • Jakob Koch
        • James >
          • Faulkner
          • Owens
        • Jean >
          • Doublier
          • Dupuis
        • Jim >
          • Esson
          • Londos
          • Joe >
            • Acton
            • Stecher
          • McMillen
        • John McMahon
        • Josef Steinbach
  • Articles
    • PWHS Writers >
      • Harry G. >
        • Extinct Wrestling Concepts >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
        • 200 Articles?
        • As We Get Close to the End
        • Carpenters
        • Charles Manson?
        • Fantasy and Reality
        • First Times
        • How on Earth could You Trust Him
        • "I Hate Him!"
        • "If You Break Kayfabe"
        • Jack Brisco, Backlund, Angle...Soucie?
        • Loss of Innocence
        • Missing Things That I Have Never Seen
        • Monsters
        • "Not bad, Kid"
        • "Okay...Okay...Now this HAS to Be Real"
        • Once the Balloon is Popped
        • Suspension of Disbelief Vs. Current Reality
        • The Smarter You Are The Dumber You Are
        • They Aren't REAL Wrestlers!
        • Time to Get My Wrestling Fix
        • Titles of Convenience
        • Turn Off the Lights
        • "Was it really that good?" Yes.
        • Where Are Wrestling's Oddities
        • Who is the Toughest Wrestler
      • Jimmy W. >
        • Fakirs At Work >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
          • Chapter Six
          • Chapter Seven
        • Forgotten Titles >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
          • Chapter Six
          • Chapter Seven
          • Chapter Eight
        • History of Wrestling >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
          • Chapter Six
        • Hooded History >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
        • Let's Go to the Movies >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
        • Not A Wrestler >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
        • A Solid Man
        • Christmas Cards
        • Confidence Vs. Paranoia
        • Feel the Bang
        • For 58 Years They Dreamed
        • From Muldoon to McMahon
        • God Is in the Detail
        • Good Versus Evil
        • Grappling Glitter
        • Hacksaw in the Works
        • Harry Hill and the Champions of Water
        • Nevermind the Piledriver
        • Official WWF Fan Club
        • One and Only WORLD Champion
        • Pioneers Schmioneers
        • Sixty Minutes Is Not Enough
        • Slams and Salaams
        • WWF European Exclusives
        • Whisky, Whips, Loose Women and Lamb
        • Who Was Homer Lane?
        • "Wrestling Today Is Not Art"
      • John V. >
        • Chair Shot Heard Round the World
        • From Immigrant to Champion
        • Hart of Stampede
        • Hollywood Movie in Making
        • Match that Changed Two Worlds
        • Mrs. Krieger
        • Original Bad Boys of Wrestling
        • Tragedy in the Hart-Land
      • Julie H. >
        • Early History
        • William Muldoon
        • Frank Gotch
        • Early 20th Century
        • Ed "Strangler" Lewis
        • A New Era
        • Joe Stecher
        • Lou Thesz
        • Television Era
      • Matt P. - #SOS >
        • Original Horsemen
        • Getting Into the Business
        • Life in Pro-Wrestling
        • Ravishing Recollections
        • WrestleMania >
          • IV
          • XIV
        • Billy Buries Bob
        • Blade Runners
        • Botch that Broke Bruno
        • "Eye Popping" Encounter
        • "Have A Banana!"
        • Hulkster Vs. Rattlesnake
        • Strike Force
      • Shea H. >
        • #FantasyFriday >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
          • Chapter Six
          • Chapter Seven
          • Chapter Eight
          • Chapter Nine
          • Chapter Ten
          • Chapter Eleven
          • Chapter Twelve - What If
          • Chapter Thirteen: Fantasy Warfare
        • Fantasy Feud >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
        • What Could Have Been >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
        • Alternate Worlds of Wrestling
        • American Nightmare
        • Black WrestleMania
        • Fact Vs. Fantasy
        • Free From the Barnyard
        • HART ATTACK
        • Untold Tales of the Undertaker
        • Why James Dudley Deserved to be Inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame
      • Terry K. >
        • Dr. in the House >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
        • Greensboro Coliseum History >
          • 1971
          • 1972
          • 1973
          • 1974
        • Inspirational >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
        • Lesser Known Family >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
          • Chapter Six
          • Chapter Seven
          • Chapter Eight
        • Magazines >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
        • Managers >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
        • Match 2 Remember >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
        • Memories >
          • Chapter One: Part One
          • Chapter One: Part Two
          • Chapter One: Part Three
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
        • Night 2 Remember >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
        • Red Letter Day >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
        • Stories that Must Be Told >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
        • Story Behind the Story >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
        • Tag Team Thumb-Sketch >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
          • Chapter Five
        • Unusual Wrestler >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
          • Chapter Three
          • Chapter Four
        • What A Card >
          • Chapter One
          • Chapter Two
        • Ancient History
        • Behind The Scenes
        • Famous Families and Groups
        • Hardcore Elite
        • I Did Not Know That
        • Memorabilia
        • Pro Wrestling in Chattanooga’s Memorial Auditorium 1950
        • Referees: Rick Hazzard
        • Territories
        • Tragedy
        • Wrestling In Print: Dickson Tennessee Tragedy Cripples Memphis Roster
    • Guest Writers >
      • Dangerous D >
        • Great Referees
      • David K >
        • Super WrestleMania
      • Kris L >
        • WWF World Martial-Arts Title
        • Men That Moved the Mountain
      • Mark D.R. >
        • Challengers
      • NJPW Gaijin E >
        • Big Turn of 1980
        • Japan: Rare Photos
        • Remembering the Spectrum
      • Roy L >
        • Gracie Vs. Takada
        • Lucier's Lucha Lunacy
      • Ruslan C.P. >
        • German Folk Styles of Wrestling
        • Dutch Folk Styles of Wrestling
        • French Folk Styles of Wrestling
        • English Catch-Hold Style of Wrestling
        • Lancashire Style of Wrestling
        • North American Side-Hold Style of Wrestling
        • The Evolution of the Catch-Hold on the Continent
      • Russell J >
        • Ode to the Manager
  • Bios
    • A >
      • Adrian Adonis
      • Al >
        • Baffert
        • Galento
        • Lovelock
      • Americus
      • Andre Christol
      • Angelo >
        • Poffo
        • Savoldi
      • Apollon
      • Archie Gouldie
    • B >
      • Babs Wingo
      • Bam Bam Bigelow
      • Ben Lion Heart
      • Bert >
        • Assirati
        • Rubi
      • Big >
        • Boss Man
        • Bully Busick
      • Billy >
        • Graham; "Superstar"
        • Robinson
      • Black Butcher Johnson
      • Blackjack Mulligan
      • Blondy Chrane
      • Bobby >
        • Bruns
        • Christy
        • Davis
        • Duncum Sr.
      • Bronko Nagurski
      • Bruiser Brody
      • Bruno Sammartino
      • Buddy >
        • Austin
        • Jackson
      • Bugsy McGraw
      • Bull Montana
      • Bulldog Brower
      • Buzz Sawyer
    • C >
      • Carl Abs
      • Chambers Zipps
      • Charles >
        • Lange
        • Moth
      • Chick Donovan
      • Chief >
        • Big Heart
        • Chewacki
      • Clarence >
        • Bouldin
        • Whistler
      • Cliff Maupin
      • Col. J.H. McLaughlin
      • Con Balasis
      • Constantine Romanoff
      • Crusher Verdu
      • Cy Williams
    • D >
      • Dan >
        • McLeod
        • Spivey
      • Danno O'Mahoney
      • Dave Bond
      • Don >
        • Campbell
        • Carson
        • Sugai
      • Donald Dinnie
      • Doug Embry
      • Douglas Clark
      • Dr >
        • Benjamin F. Roller
        • "Doc" White
        • Orville Lee Grable
      • Duncan >
        • A. McMillan
        • C. Ross
      • Dynamite Kid
    • E >
      • Earl Caddock
      • Ed >
        • Don George
        • Lewis
      • Eddie Guerrero
      • Edwin Bibby
      • Elvira Snodgrass
      • Emir Badui
      • Eric Pederson
      • Ernest Roeber
      • Ethel Johnson
      • Eugen Sandow
      • Evan Lewis
    • F >
      • "Farmer" Burns
      • Frank >
        • Crozier
        • Gotch
        • Judson
      • Fred Beell
      • Fritz Hanson
    • G >
      • Gene LeBell
      • George >
        • Bothner
        • Kennedy
        • Kotsonaros
        • Macricostas
        • William Flagg
        • Hackenschmidt
      • Gerry Morrow
      • Gorgeous George
      • Gottfried Grüneisen
    • H >
      • Harold Sakata
      • Harry Hill
      • Helmer C. Myre
      • Henry >
        • Irslinger
        • Moses Dufur
        • Seishiro Okazaki
      • Hercules Hernandez
      • Homer Lane
      • Honey Boy Zimba
      • Hugh Leonard
    • I >
      • Ike Eakins
      • Infernos, The
      • Iron Sheik, The
    • J >
      • Jack >
        • Carkeek
        • Claybourne
        • Johnson
        • Reynolds
        • Sherry
        • Washburn
        • Winrow
      • James >
        • Faulkner
        • McMahon
        • McWeeney
        • Owens
      • Jasmin St. Claire
      • Jim >
        • Londos
        • McMillen
      • Jock Ruddock
      • Joe >
        • Acton
        • "Barbados" Walcott
        • Carroll Marsh
        • Stecher
      • John McMahon
      • Johnny Kincaid
      • Josef Steinbach
    • K >
      • “Kahuku” Rodrigues
      • Kathleen Wimbley
      • Karl Veimann
      • Ken Lucas
      • Kerry Brown
      • Kevin Sullivan
      • Koji Kitao
    • L >
      • Larry Zbyszko
    • P >
      • Paul Pons
      • Perro Aguayo
      • Pinkie George
      • Pirata Morgan
      • Professor >
        • Thiebaud Bauer
        • William Miller
    • R >
      • Rafvela
      • Randy Savage
      • Ray >
        • Apollon
        • Candy
      • Regis Siki
      • Ric Flair
      • Rick Hazzard
      • Rick Rude
      • Rip Oliver
      • Robin Reed
      • Roger Kirby
      • Rudolf Grüneisen
    • S >
      • Santo
      • Seelie Samara
      • Sgt. Slaughter
      • Sorakichi Matsuda
      • Shokichi Hamada
      • Sid
      • Stanislaus Zbyszko
      • Steve >
        • Gatorwolf
        • Strong
      • Stu Gibson
      • Super Muneco
    • T >
      • Taro Miyake
      • Tatsumi Fujinami
      • Terrible Turk >
        • Ali Baba
        • Ali Nurullah Hasan
        • Yousouf Ishmaelo
      • Terry Gordy
      • Thor Hagen
    • W >
      • Walter Palmer
      • William Muldoon
  • Interviews
    • Authors >
      • John Cosper
      • Mark Hewitt
      • Nathan Hatton
      • Tim Hornbaker
    • Fans >
      • Dan Thomas
      • Geoff Brown
      • NJPW Gaijin Eric
      • Peggy Latham: Part One
      • Peggy Latham: Part Two
    • PWHS Team >
      • Bubba
      • Harry
      • Hayden
      • Jay
      • Jimmy
      • John
      • Julie
      • Mark
      • Terry
    • Referees >
      • Kris Levin
    • Wrestlers >
      • Bobby Bass
      • Tim Parks
      • Tom >
        • Connors: Part One
        • Connors: Part Two
        • Connors: Part Three
        • Connors: Part Four
        • Connors: Part Five
        • Connors: Part Six
        • Connors: Part Seven
        • Connors: Part Eight
        • Connors: Part Nine
        • Connors: Part Ten
        • Connors: Part Eleven
        • Connors: Part Twelve
        • Connors: Part Thirteen
        • Connors: Part Fourteen
        • Connors: Part Fifteen
        • Nash
      • Tony Nardo
  • Reviews
    • Promotions >
      • Gulf Coast Championship Wrestling >
        • GCCW 1950 >
          • GCCW Jan 1950
          • GCCW Feb 1950
          • GCCW Mar 1950
          • GCCW Apr 1950
          • GCCW May 1950
          • GCCW Jun 1950
          • GCCW Jul 1950
          • GCCW Aug 1950
          • GCCW Sep 1950
          • GCCW Oct 1950
          • GCCW Nov 1950
          • GCCW Dec 1950
        • GCCW 1951 >
          • GCCW Jan 1951
          • GCCW Feb 1951
          • GCCW Mar 1951
          • GCCW Apr 1951
          • GCCW May 1951
          • GCCW Jun 1951
          • GCCW Jul 1951
          • GCCW Aug 1951
          • GCCW Sep 1951
          • GCCW Oct 1951
          • GCCW Nov 1951
          • GCCW Dec 1951
        • GCCW 1952 >
          • GCCW Jan 1952
          • GCCW Feb 1952
          • GCCW Mar 1952
          • GCCW Apr 1952
          • GCCW May 1952
          • GCCW Jun 1952
          • GCCW Jul 1952
          • GCCW Aug 1952
          • GCCW Sep 1952
          • GCCW Oct 1952
          • GCCW Nov 1952
          • GCCW Dec 1952
  • Books
    • A >
      • Aaron D. Horton's Identity in Pro-Wrestling
      • Al Marquette
      • Assassin
    • C >
      • Chad Dell's The Revenge Of Hatpin Mary
      • Charles Fischer
      • Chris Jericho (A Lion's Tale)
    • D >
      • David Schultz
      • Diana Hart
      • Don Fargo
      • Dynamite Kid
    • E >
      • Ed Lewis
      • Edge
    • F >
      • Floyd Conner's Wrestling's Most Wanted
      • Frank Gotch (Life & Legacy)
      • Frank Gotch (Wrestling)
      • Freddie Blassie
    • G >
      • Gene Kiniski
      • Gorgeous George
      • Greg Lambert's Holy Grail
    • J >
      • Jack Brisco's BRISCO
      • Jake Shannon's Say Uncle!
      • Jasmin St. Claire's What The Hell Was I Thinking?!!
      • Jim Freedman's Drawing Heat
      • John Cosper's Bluegrass Brawlers
      • John Cosper's Louisville's Greatest Show
      • Jon Chattman's A Battle Royal in the Sky
      • Jonathan Snowden's Shooters
      • Junkyard Dog
    • S >
      • Scott Beekman's Ringside
      • Shawn Michaels (Heartbreak & Triumph)
      • Shawn Michaels (Wrestling For My Life)
      • Simon Garfield's The Wrestling
      • Sir Thomas Parkyns' Progymnasmata
      • Stan Hansen
      • Sting (Moment of Truth)
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A History Of Wrestling

​​Chapter Five: Beyond Europe
#PWHS #Article #AHistoryOfWrestling #AHOW #BeyondEurope
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​The United States of America are the main focus of multi-part article, but as I'm sure you have noticed the focus thus far has hardly been on any of the Americas at all. Instead Europe has been the main topic. That is because it's the European line of wrestling which ultimately became professional wrestling, although it's difficult to really say what I've been typing about and pro-wrestling are actually closely related. Plus, for some bizarre reason there is very little out there on Native American wrestling. It did exist. Just not in any major way. What it is fair to say though is that; about as much is known about the natives who inhabited the Americas as the tribes of Africa or the aboriginals of Australia when it comes to the art of grappling. For the most part we know only what has been passed down via the means of word of mouth it. They all talk of hand-to-hand combat as a part of their villages, tribes and etc. In almost all civilizations there are tales of a legendary warrior or two. They were often touted as the greatest of the land the people called home.

Nonetheless wrestling was a constant across all continents of the planet we call Earth. That is as long as members of the Homo genus were calling them home. Some even argue regardless of our presence  as many animals are known to have a quick tussle here-and-there, like the monkeys mentioned in an earlier part. You may remember Hanuman was the monkey God of wrestling - Karl Gotch would hook him - in Hinduism. So, from that alone we already know part of the Asian continent had wrestling ingrained in the culture. Luckily large parts of Asia were able to record events, information and so on. 

By no means do I profess to be overly knowledgeable on the history of wrestling outside of Europe, nor of the history in Europe come to think of it. Any-who, we discussed Africa earlier with Egypt and the Nuba tribe. Wrestling is practised in other tribes in today's world too. Many of them just do not have the same longevity of the Nubas unfortunately. 

All indications are the continent of Oceania/Australasia had a similar deal going down. Over time in a way similar to Europe and Northern America they formed into more western styled local tournaments ... probably something to do with the explorers who cameth. Likewise in South America it depends entirely on the region. Those areas which were left alone were happy to maintain their own traditions. Those who found Spaniards and Portuguese knocking at their doors often took on the European style of tournament. In my opinion. 

I know from reading 19th century newspapers published islands like Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines they had both European styles practised in the military camps set up by invaders and their native form of grappling utilized outside of the camps. Sometimes the locals picked up some of the wrestling brought to the country and often a bit of the native's style was taken back home by the men in uniform. It seems perfectly reasonable to me to put forth almost anywhere which had similar captor-captive relationships would have shared wrestling also. In fact, it's said that's exactly how Lancashire Style (or Catch-as-Catch-Can) came to be in the first place. 

There are some countries which we know have a long lineage of wrestling in their histories. That whole India-Pakistan region held wrestlers with the highest esteem. Similar to the ancient Greeks, the best wrestlers often served as the main bodyguards to the ruler of the area (or respective countries). I wish I could give you a link to learn more about them, but I do not know of any websites which have documented that region in any detail. The fandom for pro-wrestling in India over the last hundred years is a testament to the roots wrestling holds in the country.

Turkey which is one of those awkward countries, like Russia, where debates arise regarding the status of the country. Is it European or Asian? I think right now it's considered Asian. So, they have a tremendously long history with wrestling. The annual Kirkpinar tournament, now held in Erdine, is the longest running wrestling tournament in the world. It has been going strong for around 860 years. Feeling slightly repetitive with this bit, but again, the best wrestlers were often used in the military or held bodyguard positions for those high up and were considered among the most important men within the country, or empire when the Ottomans were riding high. There is actually a website dedicated to the Kirkpinar. When I went to access it my firewall advised me the site was currently unsafe to use. Therefore I will not provide the link and I did not enter. If you want to take a look though just Google Kirkpinar.

The most well documented and available of all the histories beyond European countries such as France and Germany belongs to Japan. A friend of PWHS, Hisaharu Tanabe has a wonderful website. For that reason, rather then telling my own version of the history of Japan I shall defer to Hisa and advise you click the link below which will take you to pre-1940s history page. The whole site has heaps of information on it though. To give you an idea, here is an excerpt from his timeline: 

"Ca. 500 B.C.[E.]

According to the Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters, a book of legends from the year 712, which is the oldest extant example of Japanese writing), Takemikazuchi defeats Takeminakata in a grappling match on the shores of Izumo (today's Shimane Prefecture) for the control over the Iumo territory. Takemikazuchi, the leader of Japanese people, is said to have established the imperial family from which the present emperor traces his ancestry. This is the first recorded grappling in Japan."

For more check out Puroresu.com, I can not recommend it enough.

There is one item not included on Hisa's website and that is the picture featured with this article. It's actually in the public domain and features a Japanese legend called Kintaro. The stories are said to be based on a real boy who was possibly brought up by an old woman living in the mountains of the Kanagawa prefecture between the 8th and 12th centuries (current era). Growing up in those surroundings the animals of the mountains became friends with the youngster. His astounding power often described by using his wrestling matches against animals ranging from black bears to giant catfish. The respect the animals had for his strength was depicted by him being put in a situation where he was responsible for keeping order in inter-species bouts like the one between a rabbit and a monkey as pictured. I have to admit I thought the monkey was a sloth. The legend of Kintaro's continues that he was discovered by a high-up samurai who was impressed by his raw power. Under the wing of his new tutor he became proficient in the martial arts and was awarded a very important role within the samurais. By the 21st century he had already become immortalized. He is the symbol of the traditional Japanese Children's Day on May 5 for newborn babies. He has been featured in anime, in games, in trading cards. There are shrines of him and places named after him. I some ways he seems to be equatable to a saint or similar in western culture. 

That concludes the penultimate part to this series. Last time I teased the age of exploration and renaissance, but I made a slight swerve. It was necessary though and planned if you read part one. The reason being the world was about to get a whole lot smaller as Homo sapiens-sapiens could travel the stormy seas much more regularly. The Europeans we had been exploring were about to discover (or rediscover in some people's opinions) the different cultures scattered about the globe. A four hundred year process then started which ultimately led to the Industrial Revolution with an additional by-product being the right circumstances were formed for professional wrestling as we know it to develop.


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Unique content strictly for the Professional Wrestling Historical Society.

A History Of Wrestling: Chapter  Five.
Author: Jimmy Wheeler.
Published:  October 20, 2017.
Article: #178.
Editor: Jimmy Wheeler.
​Picture Note

By Kuniyoshi in the early 19th century.
A History Of Wrestling: Chapter  Six - Read Here.
A History Of Wrestling: Chapter Four - Read Here.
Other articles by Jimmy can be Read Here.

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